Introduction:
"Over the past years the paradigm for power-substations-control
evolved and became distributed, using (...) modular automatisms, outdating the
centralized hardwired substation-automation-systems" [Parreira11].
"IEC 61131-3 programmable logic controller languages (...) do not
provide many advanced features as offered by advanced programming environments and
languages" [Yang09].
The concurrency of intelligent
electronic devices, that sense and control energy distribution, are challenging
in the automation of electric substations that form the very complex, intricate,
Power Grid we live in these days. Simulation and Mathematical tools are
instrumental to keep designing effectively such important devices.
Objectives:
The main objective of this work is simulating a Substation and a Substation-Automation-System in a way that
allows assessing the positive impact of automation on Power Quality.
Detailed description:
Nowadays electrical substations are
based on Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), which
are hardwired to the circuit breakers, current transformers, and voltage
transformers, and perform protection and control functions, as well as, event
and oscillographic recording [Parreira11]. In
addition, substations form complex networks known generically as the Power
Grid. Keeping high standards of Power Quality imply effectively programming and
introducing control methodologies in the widely distributed substations and the
associated IEDs. Standard programming tools (IEC
61131-3) do not offer the full advantages of advanced programming and modelling
tools.
IST has pioneered work, more than
two decades ago, on substation automation using Petri Nets as a fundamental
mathematical tool [PintoSa90]. Petri Nets offer the distinct advantage of
allowing proving correctness of system behaviours. In this MSc thesis proposal,
the central objective is revisiting some of the original system models and
control methodologies, creating system simulators and combining them with
recent Petri Net design tools [Parreira11]. In the end, is desired to obtain an
estimate of the performance of the simulated automated system. The estimated
performance of the system will enable future works on optimizing the automation
of substations.
The work is therefore organized in the following main steps:
- [Review] Components of an
electrical substation
- [Review] Faults and protection
equipment
- [Implementation] Simulating faults
on an electrical substation
- [Implementation] Testing automatic
control functions using Petri Nets
- [Implementation] Evaluating the
performance of the automated solution
References:
[PintoSa90] "Design and Verification of Concurrent Switching
Sequences with Petri Nets", J.L. Pinto de Sá e
J.P.S. Paiva, IEEE Trans. Power
[Parreira11] "Standardized Implementation of Substation Automatic
Control Functions Designed with Petri Nets", MSc thesis, by Rui Parreira, supervised by
Professor José Pinto de Sá, IST 2011.
[Yang09] "Programmable Logic for IEC 61850 Logical Nodes by means
of IEC 61499", C. Yang, V. vyatkin, N. Nair, J. Chouinard, IEEE Int. Conf. of Industrial Electronics
Society, 2011.
Requirements (grades, required courses, etc):
-
Expected results:
At the end of the work, the students will have enriched their experience
in modelling electric substations and controlling their faults.